Maurya Empire, 322–185 BCE

Autocracy · Empire · South Asia · Classical Antiquity era

A centralized empire with a strong bureaucracy, expansion, and subsequent decline.

Chandragupta’s conquests unified the Ganges basin under a centralized fiscal-military administration described in the Arthashastra tradition. After the Kalinga war, Ashoka promoted dhamma through edicts and imperial infrastructure. Later rulers lost provinces to secession and invasion. A commander’s coup ended the dynasty around 185 BCE.

Open Maurya Empire 322–185 BCE in the interactive 3D atlas →

Dominant patterns

  • Militarization
  • External Expansion
  • Great-Power Rivalry
  • Imperial Decline
  • Regime Stabilization

Political-science factor profile

Each factor 0–100; higher = stronger authoritarian / crisis pole (except institutional stability, where higher = stronger institutions).

Centralization of Power80
Media Control34
Repression54
Nationalism44
Militarization78
Economic Stress50
External Conflict66
Cult of Personality68
Elite Fragmentation56
Institutions62
Social Polarization46
Corruption & Patrimonialism50
Ideological Mobilization55
External Sovereignty100

Economy & society

GDP per capita$600 (intl-$)
Population50.0M people
Share of world population33%
Territory~3.4M km²
Capital population~200k

Closest historical twins

The country-eras whose structural profile most resembles Maurya Empire 322–185 BCE, by similarity score (0–100).

  1. Han Dynasty, 206 BCE–220 CE – similarity 98/100 · shared: Militarization, External Expansion, Great-Power Rivalry, Imperial Decline, Regime Stabilization
  2. Persian Empire, 550–330 BCE – similarity 90/100 · shared: Militarization, External Expansion, Imperial Decline, Regime Stabilization
  3. Byzantium, 527–565 – similarity 90/100 · shared: Militarization, External Expansion, Imperial Decline, Regime Stabilization
  4. Mughal Empire, 1556–1605 – similarity 89/100 · shared: Militarization, External Expansion, Great-Power Rivalry, Regime Stabilization
  5. Chola Empire, 985–1070 CE – similarity 89/100 · shared: Militarization, External Expansion, Great-Power Rivalry, Imperial Decline, Regime Stabilization
  6. Ottoman Empire, 1520–1566 – similarity 87/100 · shared: Militarization, External Expansion, Great-Power Rivalry, Regime Stabilization
  7. Abbasid Caliphate, 786–833 – similarity 87/100 · shared: Militarization, External Expansion, Great-Power Rivalry, Regime Stabilization
  8. Nanda Empire, 450–345 BCE – similarity 86/100 · shared: Militarization, External Expansion, Great-Power Rivalry, Imperial Decline

What followed

  • Unification of the subcontinent.
  • Disintegration after Ashoka.