Roman Republic, 450–390 BCE
Hybrid Regime · Republic · Mediterranean · Classical Antiquity era
The early Roman Republic of the Twelve Tables and the struggle of the orders, a small city-state expanding across Latium before the Gallic sack.
The early Roman Republic codified law in the Twelve Tables and worked through the long "struggle of the orders" between patricians and plebeians over office and debt. Annual magistrates and the Senate governed a small but expanding city-state that fought its Latin and Etruscan neighbors. A Gallic army sacked Rome around 390 BCE, a shock that preceded renewed expansion.
Open Roman Republic 450–390 BCE in the interactive 3D atlas →
Dominant patterns
- External Expansion
- Militarization
- Democratization
- Great-Power Rivalry
Political-science factor profile
Each factor 0–100; higher = stronger authoritarian / crisis pole (except institutional stability, where higher = stronger institutions).
| Centralization of Power | 50 |
| Media Control | 45 |
| Repression | 45 |
| Nationalism | 58 |
| Militarization | 68 |
| Economic Stress | 45 |
| External Conflict | 68 |
| Cult of Personality | 42 |
| Elite Fragmentation | 55 |
| Institutions | 55 |
| Social Polarization | 62 |
| Corruption & Patrimonialism | 42 |
| Ideological Mobilization | 52 |
| External Sovereignty | 82 |
Economy & society
| GDP per capita | $900 (intl-$) |
| Population | 400k people |
| Share of world population | 0.25% |
| Territory | ~6000 km² |
| Capital population | ~40k |
Closest historical twins
The country-eras whose structural profile most resembles Roman Republic 450–390 BCE, by similarity score (0–100).
- France, 1946–1968 – similarity 94/100 · shared: External Expansion, Militarization, Democratization, Great-Power Rivalry
- France, 1900–1914 – similarity 92/100 · shared: External Expansion, Militarization, Democratization, Great-Power Rivalry
- Carthage, 450–350 BCE – similarity 88/100 · shared: External Expansion, Militarization, Democratization, Great-Power Rivalry
- Germany, 1890–1914 – similarity 88/100 · shared: External Expansion, Militarization, Democratization, Great-Power Rivalry
- United States, 1945–1968 – similarity 87/100 · shared: External Expansion, Militarization, Democratization, Great-Power Rivalry
- United States, 1981–1989 – similarity 86/100 · shared: External Expansion, Militarization, Democratization, Great-Power Rivalry
- France, 1870–1900 – similarity 85/100 · shared: External Expansion, Militarization, Democratization, Great-Power Rivalry
- United States, 1968–1980 – similarity 85/100 · shared: External Expansion, Militarization, Democratization, Great-Power Rivalry
What followed
- Codified law and a widening citizen body.
- The Gallic sack of Rome around 390 BCE.