Saudi Arabia, 2015–2024

Autocracy · Monarchy · Middle East · Present Day era

Saudi Arabia under Mohammed bin Salman, an absolute monarchy centralizing power around the crown prince while pursuing economic diversification and repression.

Under Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman, Saudi Arabia concentrated power more tightly around a single figure than in the kingdom’s traditional consensual monarchy, detaining rivals, clerics and activists while easing some social restrictions. The Vision 2030 program sought to diversify the oil economy. The period included the war in Yemen and the 2018 killing of journalist Jamal Khashoggi.

Open Saudi Arabia 2015–2024 in the interactive 3D atlas →

Dominant patterns

  • Authoritarian Shift
  • Militarization
  • Regime Stabilization
  • External Expansion
  • Great-Power Rivalry

Political-science factor profile

Each factor 0–100; higher = stronger authoritarian / crisis pole (except institutional stability, where higher = stronger institutions).

Centralization of Power82
Media Control78
Repression80
Nationalism68
Militarization68
Economic Stress40
External Conflict62
Cult of Personality72
Elite Fragmentation35
Institutions60
Social Polarization48
Corruption & Patrimonialism60
Ideological Mobilization65
External Sovereignty90

Economy & society

GDP per capita$49k (intl-$)
GDP growth+2%/yr
Population35.0M people
Share of world population0.44%
Urban share84%
Life expectancy78 years

Closest historical twins

The country-eras whose structural profile most resembles Saudi Arabia 2015–2024, by similarity score (0–100).

  1. Russia, 1825–1855 – similarity 95/100 · shared: Authoritarian Shift, Militarization, Regime Stabilization, External Expansion, Great-Power Rivalry
  2. Qing Dynasty, 1735–1796 CE – similarity 93/100 · shared: Authoritarian Shift, Militarization, Regime Stabilization, External Expansion, Great-Power Rivalry
  3. Neo-Assyrian Empire, 883–824 BCE – similarity 88/100 · shared: Authoritarian Shift, Militarization, Regime Stabilization, External Expansion
  4. Portugal, 1933–1974 – similarity 87/100 · shared: Authoritarian Shift, Militarization, Regime Stabilization, External Expansion
  5. Indonesia, 1966–1998 – similarity 87/100 · shared: Authoritarian Shift, Militarization, Regime Stabilization, Great-Power Rivalry
  6. Inca Empire, 1438–1533 CE – similarity 87/100 · shared: Authoritarian Shift, Militarization, Regime Stabilization, External Expansion, Great-Power Rivalry
  7. China, 1993–2004 – similarity 86/100 · shared: Authoritarian Shift, Militarization, Regime Stabilization, Great-Power Rivalry
  8. USSR, 1929–1953 – similarity 85/100 · shared: Authoritarian Shift, Militarization, Regime Stabilization, External Expansion

What followed

  • Concentration of power around the crown prince.
  • Top-down economic and social change under Vision 2030.