France, 2007–2024

Democracy · Republic · Western Europe · Present Day era

The Fifth Republic under Sarkozy, Hollande and Macron: a semi-presidential democracy managing economic reform, the gilets jaunes revolt, terrorism and the rise of the far right.

The Fifth Republic’s semi-presidential democracy passed through the presidencies of Sarkozy, Hollande and Macron. Strong executive institutions and competitive elections coexisted with recurring social conflict – pension and labour reforms, the 2018–19 gilets jaunes revolt – terrorist attacks, and the steady rise of the far-right National Rally that reshaped the party landscape.

Open France 2007–2024 in the interactive 3D atlas →

Dominant patterns

  • Democratization
  • Regime Stabilization

Political-science factor profile

Each factor 0–100; higher = stronger authoritarian / crisis pole (except institutional stability, where higher = stronger institutions).

Centralization of Power42
Media Control22
Repression26
Nationalism40
Militarization42
Economic Stress40
External Conflict38
Cult of Personality26
Elite Fragmentation44
Institutions78
Social Polarization52
Corruption & Patrimonialism30
Ideological Mobilization40
External Sovereignty60

Closest historical twins

The country-eras whose structural profile most resembles France 2007–2024, by similarity score (0–100).

  1. Germany, 2005–2024 – similarity 98/100 · shared: Democratization, Regime Stabilization
  2. Spain, 1982–1996 – similarity 97/100 · shared: Democratization, Regime Stabilization
  3. New Zealand, 1890–1914 – similarity 96/100 · shared: Democratization, Regime Stabilization
  4. Norway, 1905–1914 – similarity 96/100 · shared: Democratization, Regime Stabilization
  5. Japan, 1955–1972 – similarity 94/100 · shared: Democratization, Regime Stabilization
  6. Japan, 1972–1989 – similarity 93/100 · shared: Democratization, Regime Stabilization
  7. West Germany, 1949–1990 – similarity 91/100 · shared: Democratization, Regime Stabilization
  8. Australia, 1901–1914 – similarity 91/100 · shared: Democratization, Regime Stabilization

What followed

  • Democratic institutions amid social polarization.
  • Continuity of the semi-presidential order.