Ghana, 1992–2024
Democracy · Republic · Africa · The 2010s era
The Fourth Republic established competitive elections with several peaceful transfers of power between rival parties, alongside recurring fiscal strain.
Dominant patterns
- Democratization
- Regime Stabilization
- Economic Crisis
Political-science factor profile
Each factor 0–100; higher = stronger authoritarian / crisis pole (except institutional stability, where higher = stronger institutions).
| Centralization of Power | 45 |
| Media Control | 30 |
| Repression | 25 |
| Nationalism | 45 |
| Militarization | 24 |
| Economic Stress | 55 |
| External Conflict | 14 |
| Cult of Personality | 26 |
| Elite Fragmentation | 45 |
| Institutions | 68 |
| Social Polarization | 45 |
| Corruption & Patrimonialism | 58 |
| Ideological Mobilization | 34 |
| External Sovereignty | 68 |
Economy & society
| GDP per capita | $2834 (intl-$) |
| GDP growth | +3%/yr |
| Population | 33.8M people |
| Share of world population | 0.4% |
| Urban share | 49% |
| Life expectancy | 60.6 years |
Closest historical twins
The country-eras whose structural profile most resembles Ghana 1992–2024, by similarity score (0–100).
- Costa Rica, 1949–2024 – similarity 90/100 · shared: Democratization, Regime Stabilization
- Germany, 1990–2005 – similarity 87/100 · shared: Democratization, Regime Stabilization, Economic Crisis
- Mongolia, 1990–2024 – similarity 87/100 · shared: Democratization
- Spain, 1982–1996 – similarity 84/100 · shared: Democratization, Regime Stabilization
- Botswana, 1966–2024 – similarity 84/100 · shared: Democratization, Regime Stabilization
- South Africa, 1994–2008 – similarity 83/100 · shared: Democratization, Economic Crisis
- Japan, 1955–1972 – similarity 82/100 · shared: Democratization, Regime Stabilization
- Japan, 1972–1989 – similarity 82/100 · shared: Democratization, Regime Stabilization
What followed
- Repeated peaceful alternation of governing parties.