Costa Rica, 1949–2024

Democracy · Republic · Central America · Late Cold War era

A republic that abolished its standing army in 1949 and has held uninterrupted competitive elections since, with regular alternation of power.

Open Costa Rica 1949–2024 in the interactive 3D atlas →

Dominant patterns

  • Democratization
  • Regime Stabilization

Political-science factor profile

Each factor 0–100; higher = stronger authoritarian / crisis pole (except institutional stability, where higher = stronger institutions).

Centralization of Power35
Media Control16
Repression16
Nationalism35
Militarization6
Economic Stress42
External Conflict10
Cult of Personality16
Elite Fragmentation35
Institutions85
Social Polarization35
Corruption & Patrimonialism40
Ideological Mobilization30
External Sovereignty72

Economy & society

GDP per capita$8096 (intl-$)
GDP growth+2.1%/yr
Population5.1M people
Share of world population0.1%
Urban share52%
Life expectancy72.4 years

Closest historical twins

The country-eras whose structural profile most resembles Costa Rica 1949–2024, by similarity score (0–100).

  1. Japan, 1955–1972 – similarity 96/100 · shared: Democratization, Regime Stabilization
  2. Spain, 1982–1996 – similarity 96/100 · shared: Democratization, Regime Stabilization
  3. Japan, 1972–1989 – similarity 96/100 · shared: Democratization, Regime Stabilization
  4. Botswana, 1966–2024 – similarity 96/100 · shared: Democratization, Regime Stabilization
  5. New Zealand, 1890–1914 – similarity 93/100 · shared: Democratization, Regime Stabilization
  6. Norway, 1905–1914 – similarity 93/100 · shared: Democratization, Regime Stabilization
  7. Germany, 2005–2024 – similarity 92/100 · shared: Democratization, Regime Stabilization
  8. France, 2007–2024 – similarity 90/100 · shared: Democratization, Regime Stabilization

What followed

  • Uninterrupted constitutional rule since 1949.