Gran Colombia, 1819–1831
Hybrid Regime · Republic · South America · Industrial Age era
Bolívar’s Gran Colombia, the short-lived union of newly independent northern South America, dissolving into separate republics amid regional rivalry.
Gran Colombia, forged by Simón Bolívar from the liberation of Spanish northern South America, united present-day Colombia, Venezuela, Ecuador and Panama under a republican constitution. Vast distances, regional elites and disputes between centralists and federalists undermined the union. It dissolved around 1830–31 into separate republics as Bolívar’s authority waned.
Dominant patterns
- Institutional Decay
- Revolutionary Risk
- Militarization
- External Expansion
- Imperial Decline
Political-science factor profile
Each factor 0–100; higher = stronger authoritarian / crisis pole (except institutional stability, where higher = stronger institutions).
| Centralization of Power | 38 |
| Media Control | 35 |
| Repression | 42 |
| Nationalism | 58 |
| Militarization | 68 |
| Economic Stress | 60 |
| External Conflict | 60 |
| Cult of Personality | 55 |
| Elite Fragmentation | 80 |
| Institutions | 30 |
| Social Polarization | 60 |
| Corruption & Patrimonialism | 52 |
| Ideological Mobilization | 52 |
| External Sovereignty | 85 |
Economy & society
| GDP per capita | $900 (intl-$) |
| Population | 3.0M people |
| Share of world population | 0.27% |
| Territory | ~2.5M km² |
| Capital population | ~40k |
Closest historical twins
The country-eras whose structural profile most resembles Gran Colombia 1819–1831, by similarity score (0–100).
- Mexico, 1821–1848 – similarity 95/100 · shared: Institutional Decay, Revolutionary Risk, Militarization, External Expansion, Imperial Decline
- Visigothic Kingdom, 600–711 CE – similarity 87/100 · shared: Institutional Decay, Revolutionary Risk, External Expansion, Imperial Decline
- Mexico, 1910–1920 – similarity 84/100 · shared: Institutional Decay, Revolutionary Risk, Militarization, External Expansion
- Roman Republic, 80–44 BCE – similarity 83/100 · shared: Institutional Decay, Revolutionary Risk, Militarization, External Expansion, Imperial Decline
- Eastern Jin, 317–420 CE – similarity 83/100 · shared: Institutional Decay, Revolutionary Risk, External Expansion, Imperial Decline
- Gaul, 100–52 BCE – similarity 81/100 · shared: Institutional Decay, Militarization, External Expansion, Imperial Decline
- China, 1911–1916 – similarity 80/100 · shared: Institutional Decay, Revolutionary Risk, Militarization, Imperial Decline
- Western Zhou, 850–771 BCE – similarity 79/100 · shared: Institutional Decay, Revolutionary Risk, External Expansion, Imperial Decline
What followed
- Independence and republican constitutions.
- Dissolution into Venezuela, New Granada and Ecuador.