United States, 1929–1939
Democracy · Republic · North America · Interwar Years era
The Great Depression: economic shock and the growth of the state, but with democratic institutions preserved.
The 1929 crash cascaded into bank failures, unemployment near a quarter of the workforce, and deflation. The New Deal expanded federal regulation, relief and social insurance while surviving confrontation with the Supreme Court. Elections and democratic institutions continued without interruption. Recovery remained partial until wartime mobilization.
Dominant patterns
- Democratization
- Great-Power Rivalry
Political-science factor profile
Each factor 0–100; higher = stronger authoritarian / crisis pole (except institutional stability, where higher = stronger institutions).
| Centralization of Power | 10 |
| Media Control | 19 |
| Repression | 30 |
| Nationalism | 54 |
| Militarization | 38 |
| Economic Stress | 50 |
| External Conflict | 28 |
| Cult of Personality | 11 |
| Elite Fragmentation | 55 |
| Institutions | 88 |
| Social Polarization | 32 |
| Corruption & Patrimonialism | 13 |
| Ideological Mobilization | 61 |
| External Sovereignty | 96 |
Economy & society
| GDP per capita | $10k (intl-$) |
| GDP growth | -0.7%/yr |
| Population | 128.2M people |
| Share of world population | 5.6% |
| Life expectancy | 60.7 years |
Closest historical twins
The country-eras whose structural profile most resembles United States 1929–1939, by similarity score (0–100).
- Switzerland, 1848–1914 – similarity 85/100 · shared: Democratization, Great-Power Rivalry
- Sweden, 1932–1976 – similarity 83/100 · shared: Democratization, Great-Power Rivalry
- United Kingdom, 1815–1837 – similarity 81/100 · shared: Democratization
- Sweden, 1939–1945 – similarity 81/100 · shared: Democratization, Great-Power Rivalry
- Australia, 1901–1914 – similarity 80/100 · shared: Democratization, Great-Power Rivalry
- United States, 1860–1865 – similarity 79/100 · shared: Democratization, Great-Power Rivalry
- West Germany, 1949–1990 – similarity 79/100 · shared: Democratization, Great-Power Rivalry
- United States, 1993–2001 – similarity 78/100 · shared: Democratization, Great-Power Rivalry
What followed
- The New Deal and expansion of the state.
- Gradual economic recovery.